Vaping During Pregnancy and Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Human and Animal Studies

Citation

Fielder S, Barnes C, Ormesher L, Arrowsmith S, Junejo R, Ussher M & Heazell A (2026) Vaping During Pregnancy and Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Human and Animal Studies. PLoS ONE, Art. No.: e0356305. 10.1371/journal.pone.0356305; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0356305

Abstract
The prevalence of vaping, defined as the use of e-cigarettes, during pregnancy is increasing, but its effects on maternal, fetal, and infant health remain incompletely understood. Human studies are heterogeneous and largely observational with a primary focus on neonatal and infant outcomes and limited assessment of maternal physiology. In contrast, pre-clinical animal studies suggest potential biological effects across maternal vascular, respiratory, metabolic, and neurodevelopmental systems. A comprehensive mapping of the existing evidence is therefore needed to characterise the scope of research to date and identify key gaps in the literature.

• Fielder-Scoping Review-