Professor Edward Duncan

Professor

CHeCR University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA

Professor Edward Duncan

Contact details

About me

Edward is Professor of Applied Health Research, Director of the Centre for Healthcare and Community Research and Associate Dean of Research for the Faculty of Health Sciences and Sport. His current research, which has attracted international recognition, focuses on mental health, pre-hospital emergency care, allied health & related global health. Methodologically Edward is particularly interested in intervention development and evaluation, consensus methods, evidence synthesis, and realist methods. Edward is an Honorary Senior Research Fellow with the Scottish Ambulance Service and a co-director of the Scottish Ambulance Service & Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit Research Collaboration.

In 2006 Edward was appointed as a Research Fellow in the Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit. This followed his award of the first Nursing Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Training scheme's post-doctoral research fellowship (2004-2006), which he undertook at The University of Stirling. Edward's clinical background is in occupational therapy and cognitive behavioural therapy, which he practiced in a range of mental health settings (1995-2004). He received his PhD in Health Science (2004) while still working in clinical practice. Edward was a founding member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh's Young Academy of Scotland.

My research is interdisciplinary and impact focused. I routinely collaborate with a range of health and behavioural and social scientists, government policy officials, senior health board staff, people from art and design backgrounds, clinical specialists, members of the public, and national charitable organisations.

Clinical areas of focus include mental health, pre-hospital emergency and urgent care, allied health and rehabilitation, long COVID, and related global health research.

Methodologically my research focuses on evidence syntheses of various forms, intervention development, and complex theory driven evaluation. I have specific expertise in the development and conduct of high quality consensus methods in areas where other forms of empirical research does not exist.  Recent research activity in this area includes the development of The Delphi Platform© - a web-based research platform that improves the efficiency and analysis of Delphi studies. The Platform has been successfully used in a number of externally funded studies to date. Studies using the platform have been supported by funding from NIHR, MRC, WHO, Scottish and UK Governments, among others.

Research projects (30)

PRISMA reporting guideline and standards for qualitative evidence synthesis
PI: Professor Emma France
Funded by: Medical Research Council
–

Long Covid and Critical Service Occupations: impact on Employees and Organisations
PI: Dr Alice MacLean
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

Intervention development and acceptability/feasibility study of a greenspace programme for mental health and problem substance use
PI: Dr Wendy Masterton
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

Chitetetzo: improving adolescent road safety and reducing road traffic collisions
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Medical Research Council
–

Test, evidence, transition: supporting faster breast cancer diagnosis
PI: Dr Erica Gadsby
Funded by: Cancer Research UK
–

Rapid Access Referrals for Prostate Cancer
PI: Dr Erica Gadsby
Funded by: Cancer Research UK
–

Tender Distress Brief Intervention
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Scottish Government
–

DBI COVID study
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Scottish Government
–

Creating Safe Handover Systems In Pre-Hospital Care
PI:
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

Gordon Aikman MND Scholarship
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Scottish Government and MND Scotland
–

Improving the prehospital identification and care for people presenting with query COVID 19 symptoms
PI:
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

Ambulance call-outs for psychiatric emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic
PI:
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

The RTrT Partnership: Reducing Traffic-related Trauma - A community-based prevention and first-response programme intervention for Malawi and beyond
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Medical Research Council
–

Implementation of an evidence based pelvic floor muscle training intervention for women with pelvic organ prolapse (PROlapse and PFMT: Implementing Evidence Locally - PROPEL)
PI: Professor Margaret Maxwell
Funded by: National Institute for Health Research
–

Improving the rate of bystander CPR in deprived communities: a development study
PI:
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

To Establish a Scottish Improvement Science R,D & KT Collaborating Centre (SISCC)
PI:
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

ScoPIC - The Scottish Person Centeredness Intervention Collaboration
PI: Professor Margaret Maxwell
Funded by: Scottish Government
–

Identifying and critiquing diffferent approaches to developing complex interventions
PI:
Funded by: Medical Research Council
–

Frameworks to maximise effective intervention sustainability on the ward - a systematic review
PI:
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

Developing meta-ethnography reporting guidelines and standards for research (eMERGE)
PI: Professor Emma France
Funded by: National Institute for Health Research
–

Using record linkage analysis to inform the development of an improved care pathway(s) for psychiatric and self-harm emergencies currently transferred by ambulance to Emergency Departments.
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

Management of Psychiatric emergencies: A record linkage and intervention development study
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Scottish Ambulance Service
–

A National prevalence study of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in patients who have been attended by the Scottish ambulance Service due to a severe hypoglycaemic event
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Scottish Ambulance Service
–

Ambulance Disaster Response Equipment Study
PI:
Funded by: Department of Health
–

Can eliciting and addressing health-related goals improve asthma
PI:
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

NMAHP Services March 2012-2013
PI:
Funded by: Scottish Government
–

Improving self-referral to primary care following hypoglycaemic emergencies: the development and initial assessment of a research-based intervention
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Diabetes UK
–

Healthcare Improvement Application: Using 'Good Goals' to improve children's occupational therapy services: A feasibility study of a multifaceted
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

A Structured Review of Interventions to Improve Person Centred Healthcare
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: Chief Scientist Office
–

A Study of Clinicians' assessment and decision making regarding patients' 'readiness to transfer from the State Hospital to the conditions of lesser security
PI: Professor Edward Duncan
Funded by: State Hospital
–

Outputs (99)

Article

Impact of a Distress Brief Intervention on Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempts and Self-harm in the immediate, short and longer term: a mixed method evaluation study protocol

McLean J, Shields J, Wildman JM, Hamid A, MacGregor A, Best C, Duncan E, McNicol S, Fenocchi L, Mason H, MacIntyre D, Melson AJ & O'Connor R (2024) Impact of a Distress Brief Intervention on Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempts and Self-harm in the immediate, short and longer term: a mixed method evaluation study protocol. NIHR Open Research, 4 (33). https://doi.org/10.3310/nihropenres.13592.1

Article

Exploring the perceptions and experiences of community rehabilitation for Long COVID from the perspectives of Scottish general practitioners’ and people living with Long COVID: a qualitative study

Cooper K, Duncan E, Hart-Winks E, Cowie J, Shim J, Stage E, Tooman T, Alexander L, Love A, Morris JH, Ormerod J, Preston J & Swinton P (2024) Exploring the perceptions and experiences of community rehabilitation for Long COVID from the perspectives of Scottish general practitioners’ and people living with Long COVID: a qualitative study. BMJ Open, 14, Art. No.: e082830. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-082830

Article

Investigating Scottish Long COVID community rehabilitation service models from the perspectives of people living with Long COVID and healthcare professionals: a qualitative descriptive study

Duncan E, Alexander L, Cowie J, Love A, Morris JH, Moss R, Ormerod J, Preston J, Shim J, Stage E, Tooman T & Cooper K (2023) Investigating Scottish Long COVID community rehabilitation service models from the perspectives of people living with Long COVID and healthcare professionals: a qualitative descriptive study. BMJ Open, 13, p. e078740, Art. No.: e078740. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078740

Article

Test, evidence, transition projects in Scotland: developing the evidence needed for transition of effective interventions in cancer care from innovation into mainstream practice

Gadsby EW, Brown C, Crawford C, Dale G, Duncan E, Galbraith L, Gold K, Hibberd C, McFarland A, McGlashan J, McInnes M, McNaughton J, Murray J, Teodorowski P & Thomson J (2023) Test, evidence, transition projects in Scotland: developing the evidence needed for transition of effective interventions in cancer care from innovation into mainstream practice. BMC Cancer, 23 (1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-023-11592-w

Article

Epidemiology of emergency ambulance service calls related to COVID-19 in Scotland: a national record linkage study

Fitzpatrick D, Duncan EAS, Moore M, Best C, Andreis F, Esposito M, Dobbie R, Corfield AR & Lowe DJ (2022) Epidemiology of emergency ambulance service calls related to COVID-19 in Scotland: a national record linkage study. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 30 (1), Art. No.: 9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-022-00995-6

Article

Call volume, triage outcomes, and protocols during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: Results of a national survey

Snooks H, Watkins AJ, Bell F, Brady M, Carson-Stevens A, Duncan E, Evans BA, England L, Foster T, Gallanders J, Gunson I, Harris-Mayes R, Kingston M, Lyons R & Miller E (2021) Call volume, triage outcomes, and protocols during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: Results of a national survey. Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians Open, 2 (4), Art. No.: e12492. https://doi.org/10.1002/emp2.12492

Article

Evaluation of the impact of an augmented model of The Productive Ward: Releasing Time to Care on staff and patient outcomes: a naturalistic stepped-wedge trial

Williams B, Hibberd C, Baldie D, Duncan EAS, Elders A, Maxwell M, Rattray JE, Cowie J, Strachan H & Jones MC (2021) Evaluation of the impact of an augmented model of The Productive Ward: Releasing Time to Care on staff and patient outcomes: a naturalistic stepped-wedge trial. BMJ Quality and Safety, 30 (1), pp. 27-37. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2019-009821

Article

Implementing pelvic floor muscle training for women with pelvic organ prolapse: a realist evaluation of different delivery models

Abhyankar P, Wilkinson J, Berry K, Wane S, Uny I, Aitchison P, Duncan E, Calveley E, Mason H, Guerrero K, Tincello D, McClurg D, Elders A, Hagen S & Maxwell M (2020) Implementing pelvic floor muscle training for women with pelvic organ prolapse: a realist evaluation of different delivery models. BMC Health Services Research, 20 (1), Art. No.: 910. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05748-8

Article

Facilitators and "deal breakers": a mixed methods study investigating implementation of the Goal setting and action planning (G-AP) framework in community rehabilitation teams

Scobbie L, Duncan EAS, Brady MC, Thomson K & Wyke S (2020) Facilitators and "deal breakers": a mixed methods study investigating implementation of the Goal setting and action planning (G-AP) framework in community rehabilitation teams. BMC Health Services Research, 20 (1), Art. No.: 791. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-020-05651-2

Article

Epidemiology of emergency ambulance service calls related to mental health problems and self harm: a national record linkage study

Duncan EAS, Best C, Dougall N, Skar S, Evans J, Corfield AR, Fitzpatrick D, Goldie I, Maxwell M, Snooks H, Stark C, White C & Wojcik W (2019) Epidemiology of emergency ambulance service calls related to mental health problems and self harm: a national record linkage study. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 27, Art. No.: 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-019-0611-9

Article

Attending to design when developing complex health interventions: A qualitative interview study with intervention developers and associated stakeholders

Rousseau N, Turner KM, Duncan E, O’Cathain A, Croot L, Yardley L & Hoddinott P (2019) Attending to design when developing complex health interventions: A qualitative interview study with intervention developers and associated stakeholders. PLOS ONE, 14 (10), p. e0223615. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0223615

Other

Enhancing the impact of qualitative research findings: development of evidence-based reporting guidance for meta-ethnography

France E, Ring N, Cunningham M, Uny I, Duncan E, Robertson R, Jepson R, Maxwell M, Turley R & Noyes J (2019) Enhancing the impact of qualitative research findings: development of evidence-based reporting guidance for meta-ethnography. RCN International Nursing Research Conference, Sheffield, UK, 03.09.2019-05.09.2019. https://www.rcn.org.uk/professional-development/research-and-innovation/research-events/rcn-2019-research-conference

Article

Understanding successful development of complex health and healthcare interventions and its drivers from the perspective of developers and wider stakeholders: an international qualitative interview study

Turner KM, Rousseau N, Croot L, Duncan E, Yardley L, O’Cathain A & Hoddinott P (2019) Understanding successful development of complex health and healthcare interventions and its drivers from the perspective of developers and wider stakeholders: an international qualitative interview study. BMJ Open, 9 (5), Art. No.: e028756. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028756

Other

What’s meta-ethnography and how do you do it? (workshop)

France E, maxwell m, duncan e, uny i & ring n (2019) What’s meta-ethnography and how do you do it? (workshop). The Annual Conference of the Academic Departments of General Practice in Scotland (ADEGS), Carnoustie, Scotland, 24.01.2019-25.01.2019.

Article

Protocol for a systematic review to identify the barriers and facilitators to deliver bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in disadvantaged communities

Dobbie F, Angus K, Uny I, Duncan E, MacInnes L, Hasseld L & Clegg G (2018) Protocol for a systematic review to identify the barriers and facilitators to deliver bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in disadvantaged communities. Systematic Reviews, 7 (1), Art. No.: 143. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-018-0807-5

Article

Critcomms: a national cross-sectional questionnaire based study to investigate prehospital handover practices between ambulance clinicians and specialist prehospital teams in Scotland

Fitzpatrick D, McKenna M, Duncan EAS, Laird C, Lyon R & Corfield A (2018) Critcomms: a national cross-sectional questionnaire based study to investigate prehospital handover practices between ambulance clinicians and specialist prehospital teams in Scotland. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine, 26 (1), Art. No.: 45. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13049-018-0512-3

Presentation / Talk

What's a meta-ethnography and how do you do it?

France E, Uny I, Ring N, Jepson R, Noyes J, Maxwell M, Duncan E, Turley R, Cunningham M & Roberts R (2018) What's a meta-ethnography and how do you do it?. International Institute for Qualitative Methods 16th Conference, Banff, Canada, 29.04.2018-03.05.2018.

Article

Role and prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in ambulance service attendances to people who have had a severe hypoglycaemic emergency: a mixed-methods study

Duncan EAS, Fitzpatrick D, Ikegwuonu T, Evans J & Maxwell M (2018) Role and prevalence of impaired awareness of hypoglycaemia in ambulance service attendances to people who have had a severe hypoglycaemic emergency: a mixed-methods study. BMJ Open, 8 (4), Art. No.: e019522. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019522

Article

PROPEL: implementation of an evidence based pelvic floor muscle training intervention for women with pelvic organ prolapse: a realist evaluation and outcomes study protocol

Maxwell M, Semple K, Wane S, Elders A, Duncan E, Abhyankar P, Wilkinson JE, Tincello D, Calveley E, MacFarlane M, McClurg D, Guerrero K, Mason H & Hagen S (2017) PROPEL: implementation of an evidence based pelvic floor muscle training intervention for women with pelvic organ prolapse: a realist evaluation and outcomes study protocol. BMC Health Services Research, 17 (1), Art. No.: 843. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-017-2795-x

Article

Temporal changes in frequency of severe hypoglycemia treated by emergency medical services in types 1 and 2 diabetes: a population-based data-linkage cohort study

Wang H, Donnan PT, Leese C, Duncan E, Fitzpatrick D, Frier BM & Leese G (2017) Temporal changes in frequency of severe hypoglycemia treated by emergency medical services in types 1 and 2 diabetes: a population-based data-linkage cohort study. Clinical Diabetes and Endocrinology, 3 (1), Art. No.: 7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40842-017-0045-0

Conference Abstract

A systematic review of the different approaches to intervention development

Sworn K, O'Cathain A, Croot L, Duncan E, Hoddinott P, Turner K & Yardley L (2017) A systematic review of the different approaches to intervention development. 4th International Clinical Trials Methodology Conference (ICTMC) and the 38th Annual Meeting of the Society for Clinical Trials, Liverpool, 07/05/2017 - 10/05/2017. Trials, 18 (Supplement 1), p. P126. https://trialsjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13063-017-1902-y; https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-017-1902-y

Article

Achieving Good Outcomes for Asthma Living (GOAL): mixed methods feasibility and pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of a practical intervention for eliciting, setting and achieving goals for adults with asthma

Hoskins G, Williams B, Abhyankar P, Donnan P, Duncan E, Pinnock H, van der Pol M, Rauchhaus P, Taylor A & Sheikh A (2016) Achieving Good Outcomes for Asthma Living (GOAL): mixed methods feasibility and pilot cluster randomised controlled trial of a practical intervention for eliciting, setting and achieving goals for adults with asthma. Trials, 17 (1), Art. No.: 584. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-016-1684-7

Other

Symposium: Developing effective complex interventions

France E, Farquharson B, Hoskins G, Wells M & Duncan E (2016) Symposium: Developing effective complex interventions. Royal College of Nursing (RCN) international nursing research conference, 08.04.2016-08.04.2016.

Website Content

CARE Measure

Swingler K, Duncan E & Murray J (2013) CARE Measure. 2013. http://www.caremeasure.org/

Article

Moving BJOT to online only

Duncan E (2012) Moving BJOT to online only. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 75 (1), pp. 45-45. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cot/bjot/2012/00000075/00000001/art00011

Article

Beliefs about responsibilities, the aims of therapy and the structure of the therapy process: a qualitative study of caseload management issues in child health occupational therapy

Kolehmainen N, Francis J, McKee L & Duncan E (2012) Beliefs about responsibilities, the aims of therapy and the structure of the therapy process: a qualitative study of caseload management issues in child health occupational therapy. Child: Care, Health and Development, 38 (1), pp. 108-116. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01220.x

Edited Book

Foundations for Practice in Occupational Therapy

Duncan E (ed.) (2011) Foundations for Practice in Occupational Therapy, Fifth ed. Edinburgh, UK: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. http://www.elsevier.com/books/foundations-for-practice-in-occupational-therapy/duncan/978-0-7020-5312-2

Article

Clinicians' caseload management behaviours as explanatory factors in patients' length of time on caseloads: a predictive multilevel study in paediatric community occupational therapy

Kolehmainen N, MacLennan G, Francis J & Duncan E (2010) Clinicians' caseload management behaviours as explanatory factors in patients' length of time on caseloads: a predictive multilevel study in paediatric community occupational therapy. BMC Health Services Research, 10 (249). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-10-249

Edited Book

Skills for Practice in Occupational Therapy

Duncan E (ed.) (2009) Skills for Practice in Occupational Therapy. Edinburgh, UK: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. http://www.elsevier.com/books/skills-for-practice-in-occupational-therapy/duncan/978-0-08-045042-1

Article

Leaders and gurus response

Duncan E & Bannigan K (2009) Leaders and gurus response. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 72 (12), pp. 567-567.

Article

In a world of uncertainty, we need leaders not gurus

Duncan E & Bannigan K (2009) In a world of uncertainty, we need leaders not gurus. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 72 (10), pp. 423-423. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cot/bjot/2009/00000072/00000010/art00001

Article

Next steps . . .

Duncan E (2009) Next steps . . .. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 72 (3), pp. 93-93. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cot/bjot/2009/00000072/00000003/art00001

Commentary

The null hypothesis: a reply

Paley J, Cheyne H, Dalgleish L, Duncan E & Niven C (2008) The null hypothesis: a reply. Commentary on: Rolfe G. (2008) In response to Paley J., Cheyne H., Dalgleish L., Duncan E. & Niven C. (2007) Nursing's ways of knowing and dual process theories of cognition. Journal of Advanced Nursing 62(2), 268-269. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 64 (2), pp. 209-210. http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=hch&AN=34571571&site=ehost-live; https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04848.x

Article

Peer Review: it's Time for More Openness

Duncan E (2007) Peer Review: it's Time for More Openness. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 70 (1), pp. 43-45. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/cot/bjot/2007/00000070/00000001/art00008

Research centres/groups